Somebody wrote something on a blog I read about rich people, "already paying most of the taxes," which made me wonder, is paying the largest share of the tax burden, paying your fair share of the tax burden.
Let us consider taxes as
A) a percentage of income when an all inclusive rate is analyzed, and as a percentage of Net Worth, this means 1) the income tax, state and federal, 2) the social security payroll tax, 3) property taxes, 4) the gasoline/highway tax, 5) the sales and use tax, and 6)excise taxes and imposts on goods purchased.
Starting with the most obvious for a lower income American, the Social Security payroll tax, 7.515 percent for the worker, including the Medicare tax, and an additional 7.515 percent for their employer, which is really just a wage cost for the employer, so another "hidden" tax on the employee. Thats 15.3 percent of the EARNED income from dollar one, with no exemptions for someone earning $35K a year, which is more than 49% of all American taxpayers earn in a year.
So 15.3% of $35K equals $5355 in taxes right off the top.
Now let's consider the federal income tax, on that, less the standard deduction, $7850 off the top if I remember correctly, so $27,150 will be taxable income.
The first $11,200 for a single head of household has a rate of 10%, so that puts our average Joe at $1,120, from $11,200 to $42,650 is taxed at 15%, so that leaves Joe with an additional $2572.50 in taxes on income at the federal level.
Let's look at New York State's income tax, the standard deduction in New York state for a head of household is $10,500, so that will leave $24,500 in taxable income, and your tax on $24,500 in income in NY is $1,169 as a Head of Household.
Okay, so let's assume that Joe is a homeowner in Jefferson County New York, in the Town of Wilna, outside of a village, and the house is valued at $50K for tax purposes and his home is in the Carthage Wilna Fire District, his tax rate will be $36.171239 per thousand, or $1,808.56.
Let's assume that Joe inherited his home and owes nothing on the property. Lets assume that he bought a brand new Chevy Aveo this year with some cash down, say $1k, and that he has a loan for the rest of the price of that car, for about $10K. 8% of the $10K sticker price is charged in sales tax, so Joe paid the county and state $800 right there. Now let's assume his interest rate on the car is 6% for five years, so he is paying $194.50 each month to the bank, but he has no other debts, so he spends the rest of his paycheck on utilities, food, and clothing.
Let's assume that Joe, who is single, NEVER eats at home, and always dines out because it is easier, and he can be sociable with people at restaurants where he is a regular, so even his meals cost him sales tax.
Let's also assume that Joe is the kind of guy who goes out on the weekend and has 5 bottles of beer at the bar on Saturday and Sunday, every week. Let's examine, JUST THE FEDERAL BEER TAX! $0.05 per bottle, times 10 bottles per week, times 52 weeks, thats $0.50 per week, or $26 a year in Federal BEER TAXES.
Now let's examine the NY State Beer Tax, of $0.11 per gallon, that will hit Joe pretty hard, because assuming 12 ounce beers, he drinks 48.75 gallons of beer each year, which means he pays $5.36 in NY beer taxes each year.
After Joe has paid for his property taxes, his income taxes, his social security taxes, paid his car payment, and paid the sales tax on his car, he has $22,518.44 to spend for the year.
Assuming he spends that all in Jefferson County, his sales tax bill will be $1,801.48 for the year, in addition to the $800 in sales tax already paid for the car.
Now let's also assume that Joe drives the car occassionally, and gets 33 miles to the gallon. He drives 200 miles each week, meaning that he uses 315.15 gallons of gas per year. The federal gas tax is $0.184 per gallon, or $57.99 per year. The state gas tax is $0.319 per gallon, or $100.53 per year.
So on the $37,677.50 that was earned by Joe, if you include the employer's share of Social Security, Joe paid $158.22 in gas taxes. Joe paid $2601.48 in sales taxes. He paid $31.36 in excise taxes on beer. He paid $1,808.56 in property taxes. He paid $4861.50 in combined federal and state income taxes, and Joe paid $5355 in Social Security taxes.
Joe paid in total taxes $14,816.12 in taxes, or 39.32 percent of his income in taxes.
Now let's look at Nick, who like Joe, inherited his house debt free, but his house is a $300K home in the same zip code and tax district as Joe. His property tax bill is $10,851.37.
From employment, he "EARNS" the EXACT SAME AMOUNT AS JOE. $35K, so their Social Security taxes are IDENTICAL. $5355 per year.
Nick's earnings come from a business that he owns, which is incorporated and taxed as a separate entity.
Nick's personal spending habits are IDENTICAL to Joe in every way EXCEPT, Nick didn't buy his own car, his business bought his car, and owns his car.
Nick's driving habits are similar to Joe's, and they spend an equal amount in gas taxes. Nick is in fact Joe's good friend, and they both drink the same amount at the same bar every week.
Nick, doesn't eat at home either, and because his business pays for his car, he doesn't deduct that from his pay check.
Nick has $16,609.63 to spend from his paycheck each year, but he puts $4K into his IRA so he ends up paying $1,008.77 in sales tax each year.
Now let's see where Nick really makes his money and where he pays his taxes. We actually need to adjust Nick's tax bill a little, because Nick doesn't take the standard deduction like Joe, although their witholdings are the same throughout the year. Nick will get a bit of a refund. Nick's AGI for New York, is reduced by an extra $4,351.37 because of his IRA contribution, and his large property tax bill, so his NY AGI isn't $24,500, but $20,148.70, so his NY State income tax is $909.00, so he gets back $269.00 from the state. His federal AGI is a bit lower too, so he only pays $2462.30 in federal income tax, and gets back $110.20.
Nick's business earns $300K each year in profits after all deductions, including deductions for Nick's company car.
Nick's business pays 15% on the first $50K in income in federal taxes, 25% on the next $25K in income, 34% on the next $25K in income, and 39% on the next $200K in income, so, $22,500 on the first $100K, and $78K on the next $200K.
For the purpose of simplicity, let's assume that the business has $1 million in assets, and has a payroll of $1 million per year.
The company would pay a $325 payroll tax each year based on salaries paid to NY State.
The company would pay a $1780 tax on its assets to NY State, with a rate of 0.178%.
Let's assume that the company pays income tax based on ENI as a small business in New York, and pays $18,850 on the first $290K in income, or 6.5%, and 7.1% on the remaining $10K, or $710.
Bringing the total NY corporate tax to, $21,440.
The corporation pays $121,940 in total corporate taxes.
Leaving $178,060 in AFTER TAX profit, with any non-income taxes paid by the corporation treated as a business deduction.
Let's assume that Nick uses the profits each year to expand the business and grow its operations, while maintaining a cash reserve.
This means that on $337,677.50 in total income, Nick has paid $142,726.02, including the money he has paid in gas taxes, and the money he has paid in taxes on the beer he drank, as well as his corporate taxes, and his real property taxes. This means that Nick paid 42.26% of his income in taxes.
Nick paid just 2.94% more of his income to the tax man than Joe, but let's compare their NET WORTH.
Joe has a net worth of approximately $50K, including his car and his house because of the deduction for the $10K loan for the car.
Nick has a net worth of $1.3 million including his business assets and his house. Joe is worth just 3.8% of the amount that Nick is worth, which is not unusual, as the top 3% of income earners, like Nick, control approximately 80% of all of the wealth in not only the United States, but also the world.
So, is it FAIR for Nick to pay just 2.9% more of his total income to the tax man than Joe, when he is in essence 26 times as wealthy?
As a percentage of their NET WORTH, Joe paid 29.63% of his Net Worth in taxes this year, while Nick paid 10.98% of his Net Worth in taxes this year, meaning that Joe's tax rate is in essence 3 times as high as Nick. If EVERYONE is paying their fair share, shouldn't we all be paying a similar percentage of our NET WORTH?
Oh, and if I remember correctly, when Warren Buffet performed this same analysis when comparing his own tax burdern to that of his secretary, he found out that he paid 15% of his income to the tax man, while she paid closer to 50% of her income to the tax man, so it can get worse than this when you are talking about serious wealth. I wonder how great the disparity of the tax rate as a percentage of Net Worth.

